论文部分内容阅读
本文是地下水位3~5m、壤土质地条件下盐碱地长期生物改良田间试验的结果,结果表明:种植耐盐冬小麦套播草木樨是最好的脱盐方式,经过1年, 1m土层平均盐分由1 989%降到0 282%,脱盐率达85 82%;种植耐盐牧草套播草木樨、苜蓿是比较好的脱盐方式:经过3年, 1m土层平均盐分由1 34%降到0 524%,脱盐率60 90%;密植枸杞4年后, 1m土层平均盐分由2 363%降到0 800%,脱盐率为66 14%,适应于盐分特别高的土壤改良;施有机肥种植作物(植物)灌溉,是完善的改良盐碱地方法,一方面,在灌溉水作用下盐分被淋溶,另一方面在有机肥作用下,降低了0 ~40cm土层残余HCO-比例。15年盐碱地改良与利用证明:脱盐后的土地利用时,需考虑深根与浅根、多根与少根作物的适配轮作,以免导致土壤上层盐分回升;未施有机肥的高度脱盐,可能引起土壤上层碱化,即残余HCO-比例很大。
This paper is the result of field experiment of long-term biological improvement of saline-alkali land under 3 ~ 5m of groundwater table. The results showed that planting salt-tolerant winter wheat is the best desalination method. After 1 year, the average salt content in 1m soil layer increases from 1 989% down to 0 282%, desalination rate of 85 82%; planting salt-tolerant forage grass mulching set, alfalfa is a good desalination method: After 3 years, 1m soil average salt decreased from 1 34% to 0 524% , Desalination rate of 60 90%; 4 years after close planting of Chinese wolfberry, 1m soil average salt from 2 363% to 0 800%, desalination rate of 66 14%, adapted to particularly salty soil improvement; Plant), it is a perfect method for improving saline-alkali soil. On the one hand, the salt is leached under the action of irrigation water, and on the other hand, the residual HCO-ratio of 0-40cm soil layer is reduced under the action of organic fertilizer. 15 years of improvement and utilization of saline land that: after desalination of land use, the need to consider the deep root and shallow root, root and root crops more suitable rotation, so as not to lead to the upper soil salinity rebound; without the high degree of organic fertilizer desalination may cause The upper soil alkalization, that is, a large proportion of residual HCO.