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几百年前,个人和团体就已经凭直觉来搞规划和预测了。但一直到二十世纪五十年代,科学的方法才普及。嗣后,公司企业、政府机关和非营利机构都采用了这种方法。科学的规划程序包括以下几个步骤:1.决定公司企业的长远目标;2.制订实现目标的多种战略方案;3.评估战略方案;4.监测结果。确定目标规划首先要确立最终的目标。公司企业往往会把他们的目标(他们想要实现什么,到什么时候实现)与其战略(如何实现目标)相混淆。明确目标是相当困难的,这使得一些评论家认为,规划制订者应省略这一步。我们的看法却恰恰相反。应该为目标的分析拨
Hundreds of years ago, individuals and groups had been planning and forecasting intuitively. However, until the 1950s, scientific methods only became popular. After that, companies, government agencies, and non-profit organizations all adopted this method. The scientific planning process includes the following steps: 1. Decide on the long-term goals of the company’s business; 2. Develop a variety of strategic plans for achieving the goals; 3. Evaluate the strategic plan; 4. Monitor the results. To establish a goal plan, we must first establish the ultimate goal. Corporate companies tend to confuse their goals (what they want to achieve, when they are achieved) with their strategies (how to achieve them). Clearly targeting is quite difficult, which has led some critics to think that planners should omit this step. Our view is exactly the opposite. Analysis of the target should be dialed