随着生产和技术的进步,近年来自动化在世界各国越来越盛行了。什么是自动化?自动化被称为“机械化加上自动控制”,或机械化的更高阶段。这就是说,机械化与自动化具有许多共同的特点。但是自动化和机械化不同,所谓机械化就是用机器来代替手工劳动,但它仍须一定的人力去操纵和控制机器;而所谓自动化却是用电“脑”来操纵机器群,甚至操纵整个车间或工厂。在一个全部实现了自动化的工厂中,从原料的加工一直到成品的包装,全部生产过程,除了监督以外都不需人的参加和协助;工作者只要发动开关或按动电钮,机器就能自行生产了。而且这些自动控制的机器本身还能够自行纠正生产过程中的一切毛病。正像世界工联总书记路易·赛扬所说的那样:“随着机器生产的发展,工人们的双手被机器代替了,随着自动化的发展,工人的大脑在某种程度上被控制机器运转的电 With the advancement of production and technology, automation has become more and more prevalent in various countries in the world. What is automation? Automation is called “mechanization plus automatic control,” or higher stages of mechanization. This means that mechanization and automation have many common features. However, unlike automation and mechanization, the so-called mechanization is to use machines instead of manual labor, but it still requires a certain amount of manpower to manipulate and control the machines; and the so-called automation is the use of electricity “brain” to manipulate the machine group, and even manipulate the entire workshop or factory . In a fully automated factory, from the processing of raw materials to the packaging of finished products, the entire production process, in addition to supervision, does not require the participation and assistance of the people; the worker can activate the switch by just pressing a switch or pressing a push button. Produced. And these automatic machines themselves can also correct all problems in the production process. As the World Federation of Trade Unions General Secretary Louis Celeron put it: "With the development of machine production, the hands of the workers have been replaced by machines. With the development of automation, the workers’ brains are controlled to some extent by machines. Operating electricity