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目的掌握福州口岸各类出入境人员中传染病分布的特点,正确评估出入境人员健康风险,为传染病监测工作提供科学依据。方法对2006—2011年福州口岸出入境人员的传染病监测结果进行全面的统计分析。结果6年间在福建国际旅行卫生保健中心进行传染病监测体检共80 465人,共检出各种传染病11 503例,总检出率14.30%,各年度检出率呈逐年下降趋势;按检出率从高到低排序:乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性13.40%,梅毒抗体阳性0.52%,丙型肝炎抗体(抗-HCV)阳性0.21%,乙型肝炎0.09%,肺结核0.06%,艾滋病病毒抗体阳性0.01%。不同性别、年龄组、人员类别以及不同年份传染病合计感染率有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论HBsAg阳性、梅毒和抗-HCV阳性是福州口岸出入境人员的主要传染病,应做好来华定居、涉外婚姻、劳务和交通员工(主要是船员)重点人群的监测体检,加强健康教育和增强公共意识,从而有效地防止传染病的发生与流行。
Objective To investigate the distribution of infectious diseases among all kinds of immigrants at Fuzhou Port and to correctly assess the health risks of entry and exit personnel so as to provide a scientific basis for the surveillance of infectious diseases. Methods A comprehensive statistical analysis was conducted on the surveillance results of infectious diseases among entry-exit personnel at Fuzhou Port from 2006 to 2011. Results Six out of a total of 80 465 people were interviewed at Fujian International Travel Health Care Center during the six years. A total of 11 503 cases of infectious diseases were detected, with a total detection rate of 14.30%. The detection rate of each year showed a declining trend year by year. The rates of HBsAg positive were 13.40%, syphilis antibody positive 0.52%, hepatitis C (anti-HCV) positive 0.21%, hepatitis B 0.09%, tuberculosis 0.06%, and HIV antibody Positive 0.01%. The total infection rate of infectious diseases in different genders, age groups, personnel categories and years was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusions Positive HBsAg, syphilis and anti-HCV positive are the main infectious diseases of exit and entry personnel in Fuzhou Port. Health monitoring and physical examination should be done in the key population who settled in China, marriage, labor services and transportation (mainly seafarers) Enhance public awareness, so as to effectively prevent the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases.