十九世纪,欧洲爆发了资产阶级革命,但革命最终以失败结束。资产阶级革命的任务是消除政治经济的分裂和落后,但是由于资产阶级惧怕工人、农民,惧怕他们革命的彻底性、坚定性,于是和反动的封建贵族组成同盟,背叛人民。十九世纪下半叶,地主、贵族和资产阶级统一,对人民的压榨更为残暴。在这样的历史条件下,音乐文化有了复杂的变化和不同的思想倾向,浪漫主义思潮经历着剧烈的转变,许多资产阶级作曲家也表现出了对于社会现实的悲观、失望。音乐在感受、理解和寓意等方面遭受着一场狂暴的冲击,过去所 In the nineteenth century, bourgeois revolution broke out in Europe, but the revolution ended in failure. The task of the bourgeois revolution is to eliminate the division and backwardness of the political economy. However, as the bourgeoisie fears the workers and peasants and fears the thoroughness and firmness of their revolution, they form an alliance with the reactionary feudal aristocracy and betray the people. In the second half of the nineteenth century, the unity of landowners, aristocrats and the bourgeoisie made the crushing of the people more violent. Under such historical conditions, the music culture has complicated changes and different ideological tendencies. The romanticism trend has undergone dramatic changes. Many bourgeois composers have shown pessimism and disappointment about the social reality. Music in the feelings, understanding and morality suffered a violent impact on the past