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目的了解人们接触非生产性噪声及对听力的影响。方法选择部分食品及公共场所从业人员进行纯音听力测试和问卷调查。按照年龄将调查对象分为70后、80后和90后三组,比较不同时代出生人群非生产性噪声的接触及听力损失的情况。结果 2 126人接受了调查。1 572人(占73.95%)在日常生活中经常佩戴耳机,523人(占24.60%)经常出入KTV、舞厅等嘈杂封闭的场所,且不同年龄组在这两种生活方式上差异具有统计学意义(P值均<0.001)。90后组行为比率均最高,70后组均最低。有39人(占1.83%)存在听力损失。听力损失者均经常佩戴耳机,每天佩戴累计3小时以上。经常出入KTV、舞厅等嘈杂封闭场所的人群更易出现听力损失。结论日常生活过程中接触噪声非常普遍,对人体的听觉系统带来损害。应加强年轻人的健康教育,提高自我保护意识。加强监督管理,使企业严格执行上岗前健康检查,切实保护噪声职业禁忌证人员避免接触生产性噪声,以免危害加重。
Purpose To understand people’s exposure to unproductive noise and its effects on hearing. Methods Select some food and public places practitioners pure tone hearing tests and questionnaires. Subjects were divided into three groups after 70, 80 and 90 years according to their age to compare non-productive noise exposure and hearing loss among births of different ages. Results 2,126 people were surveyed. 1 572 people (73.95%) often wear headphones in daily life, 523 people (24.60%) often go out and enter noisy places such as KTV, ballroom and so on, and different age groups have statistically significant differences in these two ways of life (P <0.001). After 90 group the highest rate of behavior, the lowest after 70 groups. 39 (1.83%) had hearing loss. Hearing loss are often wearing headphones, wearing a total of more than 3 hours a day. Frequent access to KTV, ballroom and other noisy crowded places more susceptible to hearing loss. Conclusion Exposure to noise is very common in everyday life, causing damage to the human auditory system. Health education should be strengthened for young people to raise their awareness of self-protection. Strengthen supervision and administration to enable enterprises to strictly carry out pre-appointment health check and effectively protect workers from occupational contraindications to avoid exposure to productive noise so as not to aggravate the danger.