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模拟北方冬暖式大棚内的日变温模式,试验了日最高温分别为33、35和37℃的高温脉冲对1～5日龄瓜型棉蚜即瓜蚜(Aphis gossypii Glover)繁殖和寿命的影响。与日最高温33℃和35℃的高温脉冲相比,日最高温37℃的高温脉冲能显著降低成蚜的寿命和终身生殖量,高日龄瓜蚜经历高温后的终身生殖量和寿命明显降低。在43℃和45℃下1～6 h的短期高温对1～5日龄瓜蚜存活率影响的试验结果表明,45℃高温下处理3 h,瓜蚜的平均存活率可降到70%以下;43℃高温下处理4 h,除低日龄瓜蚜有较低的存活率外,高日龄的全部死亡。表明高温闷棚防治温室瓜蚜在生产实践中可考虑适当降低温度、延长高温持续的时间,也能达到抑制瓜蚜种群增长目的。
Simulated the daily variable temperature pattern in winter and winter canopy in northern China. The effects of high temperature pulse of 33, 35 and 37 ℃ on the reproduction and longevity of aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) influences. Compared with the highest temperature of 33 ℃ and 35 ℃, the highest temperature of 37 ℃ can significantly reduce the lifespan and lifelong reproductive capacity of the aphids, and the high reproductive capacity and longevity of the high-temperature resistant Aphis gossypii decreased significantly. The results of the effects of short-term high temperature of 1 ~ 6 h at 43 ℃ and 45 ℃ on the survival rate of 1 ~ 5-day old cucumber aphids showed that the average viability of A. gossypii could be reduced below 70% at 45 ℃ for 3 h At 43 ℃ for 4 h, all of the high-day-old all died, except for the low-day-old Aphis gossypii. That the high temperature bored greenhouse prevention and control of greenhouse aphid can be considered in the production of appropriate temperature, extend the duration of high temperature, but also to achieve the purpose of inhibiting the population growth of the fruit aphids.