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为了解遮光、渍水及其互作对小麦幼苗形态及生长性状的影响,以长江中下游不同年代小麦品种扬麦1号(20世纪70年代)、扬麦158(20世纪90年代)和扬辐麦4号(21世纪正在应用)为材料,通过盆栽试验研究了遮光、渍水后小麦幼苗主茎叶龄、单株茎蘖数、单株次生根数、苗高、叶面积、干物重、比叶重和根冠比的变化。结果表明,遮光处理显著延缓幼苗叶龄,抑制分蘖的发生,而渍水处理影响不显著;遮光和渍水处理均显著降低单株次生根数、叶面积、比叶重及地上部和根干重,遮光影响程度重于渍水,遮光和渍水同时处理仅对比叶重、地上部和根干重、根冠比表现出一定的累加效应。处理结束后经20d恢复,仅不遮光+渍水处理下叶龄、苗高和比叶重基本恢复到正常生长水平;不遮光+渍水处理下单株次生根数及各处理下根干重表现出恢复趋势。不同品种间幼苗形态和生长性状表现出显著的差异。扬辐麦4号和扬麦158单株次生根数和比叶重均显著高于扬麦1号。不同处理下扬辐麦4号幼苗形态和生长性状相比正常生长幼苗的变化幅度总体上小于其他品种,表现出较好的苗期抗渍及抗弱光能力。
In order to understand the effects of shading, waterlogging and their interaction on wheat seedling morphology and growth traits, the effects of shading, waterlogging and their interactions on wheat seedling morphology and growth traits were studied. The wheat cultivars Yangmai 1 (1970s), Yangmai 158 (1990s) Wheat 4 (being applied in the 21st century) was used as material to study the effect of shading and waterlogging on the main stems and leaves, the number of tillers per plant, the number of secondary roots per plant, seedling height, leaf area, dry matter weight, Specific leaf weight and root to shoot ratio changes. The results showed that shading treatment significantly delayed seedling leaf age and inhibited tillering, while waterlogging had no significant effect. Shading and waterlogging significantly reduced the number of secondary roots per plant, leaf area, specific leaf weight, shoot and root The effects of heavy and light shading on waterlogging were more than those on waterlogging, light shading and waterlogging. Only the leaf weight, aboveground and root dry weight were observed, and the ratio of root to shoot showed some additive effects. After 20 days, the leaf age, seedling height and leaf specific weight returned to the normal level only after shading and waterlogging treatment. The number of secondary roots and the root dry weight Showing a recovery trend. The seedling morphology and growth traits of different varieties showed significant differences. The secondary root number and specific leaf weight of Yangfumai 4 and Yangmai 158 were significantly higher than that of Yangmai 1. Under different treatments, the change of morphological and growth traits of Yangfumai No.4 seedlings was generally smaller than that of other varieties, which showed better seedling anti-stain and anti-weak light ability.