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目的探讨综合措施对农村留守儿童伤害干预的效果,为减少农村留守儿童伤害提供依据。方法分层整群抽取恩施某乡镇6所中小学校的3~5年级和7~8年级的留守儿童,以学校为单位随机分为干预组和对照组。对干预组留守儿童开展为期一年的伤害综合干预活动,对照组不进行干预,在干预前后分别进行问卷调查来评价综合干预效果。结果一年后,干预组留守儿童知识得分为(11.53±1.56)分,高于对照组(11.07±2.30)分,差异有统计学意义(t=3.540,P<0.001);不安全行为得分为(2.64±1.79)分,低于对照组留守儿童(3.48±1.78)分,差异有统计学意义(t=7.070,P<0.001);有11项指标的知晓率提高,有2项不安全行为的发生率降低,差异均有统计学意义(均有P<0.05);伤害发生率由23.53%降低至11.69%,差异有统计学意义(X~2=23.127,P<0.001)。结论综合干预可以降低农村留守儿童伤害发生率,是预防留守儿童伤害的有效途径。
Objective To explore the effects of comprehensive measures on the injury of left-behind children in rural areas and provide the basis for reducing the injuries of left-behind children in rural areas. Methods A stratified cluster was drawn from 3 to 5 and 7 to 8 left-behind children in 6 primary and secondary schools in a certain township of Enshi. Randomly divided into intervention group and control group. A comprehensive year-long injury intervention was conducted on left-behind children in the intervention group. The control group did not intervene and questionnaires were conducted before and after the intervention to evaluate the effect of the comprehensive intervention. Results After one year, the score of knowledge left behind children in intervention group was (11.53 ± 1.56) points higher than that in control group (11.07 ± 2.30) points, the difference was statistically significant (t = 3.540, P <0.001); unsafe behavior score was (2.64 ± 1.79), lower than that of left-behind children (3.48 ± 1.78) in control group, the difference was statistically significant (t = 7.070, P <0.001); there were 11 indicators of awareness raising, 2 unsafe behaviors (P <0.05). The incidence of injury decreased from 23.53% to 11.69%, the difference was statistically significant (X ~ 2 = 23.127, P <0.001). Conclusion Comprehensive intervention can reduce the incidence of injuries among left-behind children in rural areas and is an effective way to prevent the injury of left-behind children.