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目的对广州市居民外出餐馆就餐的饮食状况进行调查,为开展外出就餐人群的研究及相关膳食调查提供一定的理论和实践指导。方法采用随机抽样方法选择广州市3个代表性城区,用方便抽样方法选择适合的对象进行饮食行为问卷调查,问卷内容包括基本资料、外出就餐习惯特点、营养与食品卫生认知情况,对调查结果进行描述流行病学分析。结果本次调查发放问卷750份,共收到合格问卷677份,回收率为90.27%。本次调查主要以女性(占56.0%)、18~30岁(占43.3%)、文化程度为本科(41.5%)、人均月收入≥5 000元(36.6%)的人群为主。调查对象的总体餐馆就餐频率为2次/周。不同性别、年龄、文化程度、人均月收入的调查对象外出餐馆就餐频率差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。菜品选择的影响因素中,菜品风味和价格占的比例较高,分别占29.0%(197/677)和19.9%(135/677)。不同性别、年龄、文化程度、人均月收入的调查对象对营养搭配了解程度得分差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05),不同性别、年龄、人均月收入的调查对象对营养搭配重视程度得分、食品卫生要求程度得分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论广州部分居民外出餐馆就餐频率平均在2次/周,不同性别、年龄、文化程度和月收入的人群在餐馆就餐饮食行为存在差异。
Objective To investigate the eating status of residents in out-going restaurants in Guangzhou and provide some theoretical and practical guidance for the study of out-dining population and related dietary surveys. Methods A random sampling method was used to select three representative urban areas in Guangzhou. The questionnaire survey was conducted by using convenient sampling method to select suitable subjects. The questionnaire consisted of basic information, eating habits, nutritional and food hygiene awareness, Describe the epidemiological analysis. Results The survey sent 750 questionnaires, a total of 677 qualified questionnaires were received, the recovery rate was 90.27%. The survey mainly focused on females (56.0%), 18-30 years (43.3%), undergraduate education (41.5%) and per capita monthly income over 5,000 yuan (36.6%). The surveyed restaurant’s overall eating frequency was 2 times / week. The frequency of eating out of the surveyed restaurants of different sexes, ages, education levels and per capita monthly income were all statistically significant (all P <0.05). Among the factors influencing the selection of dishes, the flavor and price of the dishes accounted for 29.0% (197/677) and 19.9% (135/677), respectively. There were significant differences in scores of understanding of nutrition with respondents with different gender, age, educational level and monthly income per capita (all P <0.05), and the scores of nutritional balance with different gender, age and per capita monthly income , Food hygiene requirements score differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions The average eating frequency of some residents out of Guangzhou restaurants is 2 times per week. There are differences in eating behavior among restaurants of different sex, age, educational level and monthly income.