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建立了多层软弱夹层条件下巷道坚硬层状复合顶板的力学模型,分析了其结构特征、离层破坏机理及判据,基于关键层理论、组合梁理论和悬吊理论的基本原理提出了巷道顶板锚固支护参数的计算方法。研究表明:含多个软弱夹层的坚硬复合顶板由于顶板岩层的离层导致顶板刚度降低从而致使顶板下沉、破裂、冒落;顶板岩层的离层状况主要由各层的弯曲挠度的差异性所决定;通过锚杆形成的顶板组合梁需要具备足够的组合强度,否则很容易和老顶发生离层并造成岩梁两端发生弯曲断裂或剪切破坏而形成简支梁结构,最终使岩梁失稳冒落;合理的顶板锚固参数尤其是预紧力设计对于控制巷道顶板岩层的失稳作用明显。
The mechanics model of the hard layered composite roof under the condition of multi-storey soft interlayer is established. The structural characteristics, mechanism and criteria of the failure of the sub-layer are analyzed. Based on the basic principles of the key layer theory, the composite beam theory and the suspension theory, Calculation Method of Roof Anchor Support Parameters. The results show that the rigid composite roof with multiple weak intercalations can cause the roof to sink, rupture and fall due to the delamination of roof strata leading to the decrease of roof stiffness. The roof strata separation is mainly caused by the difference of flexural deflection The roof composite beam formed by the anchor rod needs sufficient combination strength or it is easy to separate from the roof and cause bending fracture or shear failure at both ends of the rock beam to form a simply supported beam structure and finally make the rock beam Failure to fall; reasonable roof anchoring parameters, especially the preload design for the control of roadway roof rock instability obvious.