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1974年,在重庆油橄榄园初次发生油橄榄孔雀斑病,病原菌为环黑星霉属的Spilocaea oleaginea(Cast.)Hugh.(Cycloconium oleaginum Cast.)。分生孢子梗烧瓶状,基部膨大,颈端有圆柱状环痕,灰褐至深褐色;分生孢子黄褐色,短倒棒状,典型双胞,截形基部,大于20.36×9.33微米。分生孢子萌发进程较长。在水滴中萌发仅6.48%;1%菊萄糖液滴萌发最高,为57.55%。测定结果表明,分生孢子萌发温度范围为6～28℃,最适温度为16～20℃。16～20℃接种时,潜育期最短,12天,7～11℃潜育期延长至30～39天。可以认为,此菌属于温度偏低的真菌。在一年之内,病斑上均有分生孢子存在,其病原菌以分生孢子和菌丝体越冬、越夏,作为初次侵染来源。园内分生孢子年周期出现两个数量高峰:6月上旬～7月上旬和10月上句～11月上旬,从而形成春、秋发病期。在适温下,分生孢子消长规律取决于相对湿度和降雨频度。通过45次1341块组织分离培养表明,分离较难,菌落生长极慢,40～55天,在病斑正面上产生灰黑绒色菌落;再经16～31天,首次成功获得一定数量的分生孢子。但在自然病叶病斑上分生孢子是大量的。由此可见,油橄榄孔雀斑病原菌是一种寄生性较强的真菌。
In 1974, the olive-leaf blotch disease was first observed in Chongqing olive grove. The pathogen was Spilocaea oleaginea (Cast.) Hugh. (Cycloconium oleaginum Cast.). Conidiophore stems flask shape, the base of the enlargement, the neck has a cylindrical ring marks, gray brown to dark brown; conidia brown, short down bar-like, typical twin, truncated basal, greater than 20.36 × 9.33 microns. Conidia germination process longer. In the water droplets germination only 6.48%; 1% of the highest germination of juicy droplets, 57.55%. The results showed that conidia germination temperature range of 6 ~ 28 ℃, the optimum temperature is 16 ~ 20 ℃. 16 ~ 20 ℃ inoculation, the shortest incubation period, 12 days, 7 ~ 11 ℃ incubation period extended to 30 to 39 days. It can be considered that the bacteria belong to the lower temperature fungi. Within a year, there are conidia on the lesion, the pathogen to the conidia and mycelium wintering, summer, as the primary source of infection. In the park, two peaks occur in the annual cycle of conidia: early June ~ early July and the last sentence in October ~ early November, thus forming a spring and autumn onset period. At the proper temperature, the conidial growth and decline depend on the relative humidity and the frequency of rainfall. Through 45 times 1341 tissue isolation and culture showed that the separation is more difficult, the colony growth is very slow, 40 to 55 days, in front of the lesion gray gray velvet colony; then by 16 to 31 days, for the first time to obtain a certain number of points Conidia. However, conidia are abundant in natural diseased leaves. Thus, the olive peacock pathogens is a parasitic fungi.