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为了了解重庆主要马铃薯产区的土壤养分状况,通过采用土壤养分测试的方法,研究重庆主要马铃薯产区巫溪和城口两县随机采集的62个0～20cm土壤样本。结果表明,大部分马铃薯土壤pH>7.6,整体偏碱,不适宜马铃薯生长。有机质含量较丰富,其中高于20g/kg的土壤占80.6%,高于40g/kg的土壤占17.7%。全氮、磷含量丰富,有近一半土壤全钾含量属适量范围,丰富和缺乏范围内的比例分别是24.2%和30.6%,以巫溪县马铃薯土壤全磷、全钾含量缺乏较严重,比例分别为35.3%和50.0%。两县马铃薯土壤有效氮、磷、钾、硫含量均较丰富,交换性钙、镁含量十分丰富,而城口县土壤有效硫含量整体偏低。土壤有效铁、锰、硼均缺乏,比例分别为48.4%、56.4%和98.4%,有效铜、锌含量则十分丰富,各微量元素的含量以城口高于巫溪。通过试验研究得出,同一产区不同部位土壤养分存在很大差异,不同产区马铃薯土壤养分丰缺范围明显不同。
In order to know the status of soil nutrients in the main potato producing areas in Chongqing, 62 0-20 cm soil samples collected randomly from two counties in Wuxi and Chengkou, the major potato producing areas of Chongqing, were studied by soil nutrient testing. The results showed that most of the potato soil pH> 7.6, the overall alkaline, unsuitable for potato growth. Organic matter content is more abundant, of which 80.6% is above 20g / kg and 17.7% above 40g / kg. Nearly half of the total potassium content of soil is in the proper range, with the abundance and lacking ratio being 24.2% and 30.6%, respectively. The total phosphorus and total potassium in potato soil in Wuxi County are less severe, Respectively 35.3% and 50.0%. Potato soil available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur in both counties are relatively rich, exchangeable calcium and magnesium content is very rich, while the soil available sulfur content in Chengkou County overall low. Available iron, manganese and boron were scarce in the soil, with the ratios of 48.4%, 56.4% and 98.4% respectively. The available copper and zinc contents were very abundant. The contents of trace elements in urban soil were higher than those in Wuxi. According to the experimental study, the soil nutrients in different parts of the same producing area have great differences, and the ranges of soil nutrient abundance and deficiency in potato in different producing areas are obviously different.