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目的:了解婴儿期体格生长速率变化的规律,制定相应的婴儿期体格生长速率标准值,指导家长准确地评价婴儿生长发育状况。方法:对389名正常足月儿分别在初生、3月龄、6月龄、9月龄、12月龄测量其体重、身长,按性别、喂养方式、出生体重分组并进行分析。结果:婴儿期不同阶段的体重、身长增长速率存在非常显著性差异(P<0.001),头三个月最快,以后呈迅速递减趋势。男婴体重、身长增长速率在出生后头三个月明显快于女婴,此后三个月龄阶段无显著性差异;不同喂养方式婴儿各月龄阶段体重、身长增长速率差异无统计学意义;不同出生体重婴儿各月龄阶段体重、身长增长速率差异无统计学意义。结论:0～3个月婴儿体格增长最快,肥胖检出率迅速上升;喂养方式和出生体重对婴儿期生长速率无明显影响,且4～12个月期间生长速率的性别差异消失。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the changes of body growth rate in infancy, to establish the corresponding standard values of growth rate in infancy, to guide parents to accurately evaluate the growth and development of infants. Methods: 389 normal term children were respectively divided into three groups: newborn, 3-month-old, 6-month-old, 9-month-old and 12-month-old for weight, length, sex, feeding pattern and birth weight. Results: There was a significant difference in the growth rate of body weight and length at different stages of infancy (P <0.001), the fastest in the first trimester and then decreasing rapidly. The growth rate of baby boy’s weight and length was significantly faster than that of the female infant in the first three months after birth, and there was no significant difference in the three-month-old baby after birth. There was no significant difference in the growth rate of body weight and height between different feeding ways There was no significant difference in body weight and growth rate of birth weight babies at each age stage. Conclusion: The body growth rate of infants in 0-3 months was the fastest, and the detection rate of obesity increased rapidly. The feeding method and birth weight had no significant effect on the growth rate in infancy, and the gender differences in growth rate disappeared between 4 and 12 months.