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血清电解质严重变化可使有机会缓解的白血病患者致死,故由白血病和化疗引起的电解质紊乱尤为重要。本文报导17例非选择的急性髓细胞白血病(急粒11例,粒单型6例)化疗患者的钾钠平衡和各种代谢障碍。低钠血症10/14例发生在化疗后.14/17例在化疗期原始细胞下降时尿排钠增多。化疗后多数血清重量克分子渗透压浓度继续下降,部分尿重量克分子渗透压浓度增高。1例摄钠不足者,补钠后尿钠仍低,化疗后尿钠则增多,骨髓受抑时排钠明显减少,故骨髓增生良好者,摄钠量不应少于排钠量。作者指出,由钠、钾、尿素、尿酸和肌酐排泄增多而引起的渗透性利尿是尿排钠增多综合征、低钠血症和渗透清除率增高的原因。原始细胞含高浓度的钠、钾经细胞毒药物的作用同原始细胞蛋白一起被释放,肾小管功能不全时,钠离子不能再吸
Serious changes in serum electrolytes can make patients with leukemia have a chance to alleviate the lethal, so the electrolyte imbalance caused by leukemia and chemotherapy is particularly important. This article reports the balance of potassium and sodium and the various metabolic disorders in 17 patients with non-selected acute myeloid leukemia (acute myeloid leukemia, 6 patients with single myeloid) chemotherapy. 10/14 cases of hyponatremia occurred after chemotherapy, and 14 of 17 cases had increased urinary sodium in the initial stage of chemotherapy. After chemotherapy, most of the serum osmolality continued to decline, elevated urinary osmolality. 1 case of sodium deficiency, after sodium supplementation is still low urinary sodium, urinary sodium after chemotherapy is increased, bone marrow suppressed significantly reduced sodium, so good bone marrow proliferation, sodium intake should not be less than the amount of sodium. The authors note that osmotic diuresis caused by increased excretion of sodium, potassium, urea, uric acid, and creatinine is responsible for increased urinary sodium excretion syndrome, hyponatremia, and increased osmotic clearance. The original cells with high concentrations of sodium and potassium by the role of cytotoxic drugs with the original cell protein is released, renal insufficiency, sodium ions can not be resumed