目的:了解河南省安阳市碘缺乏地区与水源性高碘地区人群碘营养水平，为采取针对性防治措施和科学调整干预策略提供依据。方法:2019年在安阳市以县（市、区）为单位，采用分层随机抽样方法在碘缺乏地区（水碘中位数 100 μg/L）分别抽取3个县作为调查点。抽取8~10岁儿童及孕妇为调查对象，采集其尿样、食用盐样并进行碘含量检测，另使用B超法检查儿童甲状腺。结果:碘缺乏地区共采集盐样654份，其中非碘盐占1.83%（12/654）；水源性高碘地区共采集盐样628份，其中非碘盐占6.05%（38/628），两地非碘盐率比较差异有统计学意义（χn 2=15.19，n P < 0.05）。碘缺乏地区共采集儿童尿样654份，尿碘中位数为211.15 μg/L，水源性高碘地区采集628份尿样，尿碘中位数为390.50 μg/L，两地儿童尿碘中位数比较差异有统计学意义（ n U=- 18.34，n P < 0.05）。碘缺乏地区共采集孕妇尿样300份，尿碘中位数为223.95 μg/L；水源性高碘地区采集孕妇尿样127份，尿碘中位数为258.00 μg/L，两地孕妇尿碘中位数比较差异有统计学意义（ n U=- 4.07，n P < 0.05）。碘缺乏地区检测儿童甲状腺容积560人，肿大率为1.43%（8/560）；水源性高碘地区检测儿童甲状腺容积628人，肿大率为2.07%（13/628）。n 结论:安阳市碘缺乏地区人群碘营养水平适宜，水源性高碘地区人群碘营养过量。“,”Objective:To understand the level of iodine nutrition in the areas with iodine deficiency and high iodine in Anyang City of Henan Province, and to provide a basis for taking targeted prevention and treatment measures and scientific adjustment of intervention strategies.Methods:In 2019, three areas with iodine deficiency (median iodine in water 100 μg/L) were selected from counties (cities and districts) in Anyang City by stratified random sampling. Children aged 8-10 and pregnant women were selected in areas with high iodine and areas with iodine deficiency, respectively. Urine samples and salt samples were collected and tested, and children's thyroids were examined by B-mode ultrasound.Results:A total of 654 salt samples were collected in iodine deficiency areas, among which non-iodized salt accounted for 1.83% (12/654). A total of 628 salt samples were collected from areas with high iodine, among which non-iodized salt accounted for 6.05% (38/628). The difference in non-iodized salt rate between the two areas was statistically significant (χn 2=15.19, n P < 0.05). A total of 654 urine samples were collected from children in iodine deficiency areas, with a median of 211.15 μg/L of urinary iodine, and 628 urine samples were collected from high iodine areas, with a median of 390.50 μg/L of urinary iodine. The difference was statistically significant ( n U=- 18.34, n P < 0.05). A total of 300 urine samples were collected from pregnant women in iodine deficiency areas, with a median of 223.95 μg/L, and 127 urine samples were collected from pregnant women in high iodine areas, with a median of 258.00 μg/L. The difference was statistically significant ( n U=- 4.07, n P < 0.05). The thyroid volume of 560 children in the iodine deficient areas was detected, and the swelling rate was 1.43% (8/560). The thyroid volume of 628 children in high iodine areas was detected, and the swelling rate was 2.07% (13/628).n Conclusion:The iodine nutrition level of the population in the iodine deficiency areas of Anyang City is appropriate, while the iodine nutrition level of the population in the water source high iodine areas is excessive.