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土地作为我国农民最主要的资产,由于其集体所有的性质,目前还难以作为有效抵押物而实现资本化。目前我国部分地区已开展了对农地抵押的金融创新,尝试开展农村土地承包经营权抵押贷款、农房抵押贷款及宅基地抵押贷款业务,很大程度上提高了农户贷款的满足程度。但由于农地抵押目前在我国还存在一些法律障碍,有关部门意见也未完全达成一致,这类创新尚难以全面推广。本文梳理了农村土地类相关抵押贷款的开展情况和各自的困难:农村土地经营权抵押贷款普及难,农房抵押贷款推广难,农村宅基地贷款开展难。针对这几类困难,文中都给出了相应的建议。同时本文认为要继续推动农村抵押品创新,利用抵押贷款助推农村金融发展,还需在法律以及配套措施上下功夫。
As the most important asset of peasants in our country, land is hard to capitalize as an effective collateral due to the nature of its collective ownership. At present, some areas of our country have launched financial innovations on farmland mortgages, trying to carry out the rural land contractual management right mortgage loans, farmhouse mortgages and homestead mortgage loans to a large extent, to improve the degree of farmers’ loan satisfaction. However, due to the fact that there are still some legal obstacles in the farmland mortgage in our country and the opinions of the relevant departments have not been fully agreed at the moment, such innovations are still difficult to be fully promoted. This article combs the development of rural land-based mortgage-related loans and their own difficulties: the popularity of rural land management mortgage loans is difficult, the promotion of rural housing mortgage loans is difficult, rural homestead loans to develop. For these types of difficulties, the text has given the corresponding recommendations. At the same time, this article believes that we must continue to promote rural collateral innovation, use of mortgage loans to boost rural financial development, but also in the law and supporting measures to make efforts.