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索绪尔认为任意性是语言符号的根本属性,其所有有关语言符号的理论均是建立在此基础之上。但一百多年来,对索绪尔的这条第一原则学者们见仁见智、各执一词。笔者拟就索绪尔符号任意性的本质,说明持理据论者对任意性的否定主要是出于对索绪尔任意性的误解,象声、象形等并没有丝毫改变符号任意性的本质,相反却是索绪尔所要竭力说明的语言学研究的另一个层面,即语言使用———现代语用学的范畴。
Saussure argues that arbitrariness is the fundamental property of linguistic signs and that all his theory of linguistic signs is based on this. However, for more than a hundred years, this first-principle scholar of Saussure has a different opinion and different opinion. The author proposes the essence of Saussure’s symbolic arbitrariness. It shows that the negation of arbitrariness by the theoretician is mainly due to the misunderstanding of Saussure’s arbitrariness. Elephants and pictograms do not change the essence of symbolic arbitraryness. On the contrary, it is another aspect of linguistic research that Saussure tries his best to explain, that is, the use of language - the category of modern pragmatics.