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Wolbachia和Cardinium均为母系遗传的胞内共生菌,它们能够通过诱导胞质不亲和(cytoplasmic incompatibility,CI)以调控寄主的生殖。目前,关于Wolbachia和Cardinium共同对同一寄主进行生殖操控的机制还不清楚。本研究以皮氏叶螨Tetranychus piercei McGregor广州种群为实验材料,通过杂交实验和荧光原位杂交的方法,研究Wolbachia和Cardinium单感染和双感染对寄主生殖的影响。结果表明:单感染Wolbachia诱导较弱的CI,不亲和组合的未孵化率为17.8%±1.6%。单感染Cardinium及双感染Wolbachia和Cardinium能诱导高强度的CI,不亲和组合的未孵化率分别为70.3%±1.3%和72.9%±1.2%。同时双感染Wolbachia和Cardinium雌螨的平均产卵量为35.2±1.2,显著高于单感染和不感染的雌螨的产卵量。Wolbachia和Cardinium分别诱导以及共同诱导CI的水平与精子形成过程中的感染情况有关。Wolbachia和Cardinium的垂直传播模式结果显示,在卵的不同发育阶段,Wolbachia和Cardinium主要伴随着营养物质从滋养细胞、中肠、输卵管进入发育中的卵。研究结果为进一步了解Wolbachia和Cardinium的母系遗传机制提供了重要依据。
Both Wolbachia and Cardinium are maternally inherited intracellular commensal bacteria that are capable of regulating host reproductive via induction of cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). At present, the mechanism by which Wolbachia and Cardinium jointly reproductively control the same host is unclear. In this study, Tetranychus piercei McGregor populations in Guangzhou were used as experimental materials to study the effects of Wolbachia and Cardinium single and double infections on host reproductive via hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The results showed that uninfected Wolbachia induced weaker CI, and the unhatched rate of unincorporated combination was 17.8% ± 1.6%. Uninfected Cardinium and double infected Wolbachia and Cardinium induced high intensity CIs with unincorporated uncoated rates of 70.3% ± 1.3% and 72.9% ± 1.2%, respectively. At the same time, the average fecundity of female mites infected by Wolbachia and Cardinium was 35.2 ± 1.2, which was significantly higher than that of single females and uninfected females. The level of CI induced by Wolbachia and Cardinium respectively and co-induced by CI is related to the infection during spermatogenesis. The vertical transmission patterns of Wolbachia and Cardinium show that Wolbachia and Cardinium accompany the development of nutrients mainly from trophoblasts, midgut and oviducts into developing eggs at different developmental stages of the egg. The results provide an important basis for understanding the maternal genetic mechanism of Wolbachia and Cardinium.