在过去的50年间,凯恩斯主义者和新古典主义流派一直都在相互斗争,也因此产生了很多火花。最近,新古典流派通过货币主义和理性预期假设得到复苏,而凯恩斯主义者们也不甘示弱,提出了不均衡状态分析理论。本文对这两种在宏观经济学理论中最为重要和新颖的思想——理性预期假设和不均衡状态分析进行介绍。 For the past 50 years, Keynesians and neoclassical genres have all been fighting each other for a long time, sparking many sparks. Neoclassical schools have recently recovered through the assumption of monetarist and rational expectations, and Keynesians have not been outdone and have come up with the theory of disequilibrium state analysis. This article introduces the two most important and novel ideas in macroeconomic theory - rational expectation hypothesis and unbalanced state analysis.