20世纪七八十年代,西方许多企业的内外部环境发生了显著的变化,科学不断昌明、技术迅猛发展,市场呈现全球倾向,竞争日趋激烈,企业员工的生活水平、文化素质、参与管理的意识和能力不断提高,有进一步改善的趋势。在这种形势下,传统过分刚性的、偏理性管理模式的缺陷日趋明显,客观上要求有新的理论来弥补这一不足。 In the seventies and eighties of the 20th century, the internal and external environments of many western companies have undergone significant changes. The science has been prosperous and the technology has been developing rapidly. The market has become globally prone, the competition has become increasingly fierce, and the employees’ living standards, cultural quality, and participation management awareness With continuous improvement in capabilities, there is a trend for further improvement. In this situation, the defects of the traditional over rigid and rational management model have become increasingly obvious, and objectively require new theories to make up for this deficiency.