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岩石的压缩过程伴随着裂纹扩展,在低、中围压条件下扩展的裂纹主要受到张拉作用而产生,张拉破坏是首要的作用机制。研究发现,岩石的渐进破裂过程受岩石的结构和构造影响,比如矿物成分、颗粒大小以及胶结情况等,另外,围压以及开挖扰动等外界因素对岩石的渐进破裂过程也有重要影响。基于试验方法探讨水压对岩石渐进破坏过程的影响,首先,阐述岩石渐进破裂过程各个阶段的特征;然后,对岩石渐进破裂指标——岩石的启裂强度ci和损伤强度cd的确定方法进行总结;最后,选取细粒的石英砂岩为研究对象,通过试验研究水压对岩石渐进破坏过程的影响。试验结果表明,相同围压条件下,随着岩样两端水压的增大,岩石的ci有逐渐增大的趋势,而岩石的cd和峰值强度f逐渐变小;随着围压逐渐增大,岩石的启裂强度ci、损伤强度cd及峰值强度f均逐渐增大。
The compression process of rocks is accompanied by crack propagation. The crack propagating under low and medium confining pressures is mainly caused by the tension, which is the primary mechanism of action. It is found that the gradual rupture process of rock is affected by the structure and structure of rock, such as mineral composition, grain size and cementation. In addition, external factors such as confining pressure and excavation disturbance also have an important influence on the gradual rupture process of rock. Based on the experimental method, the influence of water pressure on the gradual failure process of rock is discussed. Firstly, the characteristics of each stage of gradual rupture process of rock are expounded. Then, the methods of determination of rock progressive cracking index (ci) and damage intensity (cd) Finally, the fine quartz sandstone was selected as the research object to study the effect of water pressure on the progressive failure of rock. The experimental results show that under the same confining pressure, the ci of rock tends to increase with the increase of water pressure at both ends of the rock specimen, while the cd and peak intensity f of rock decrease gradually. With the increase of confining pressure Large, rock cracking strength ci, damage intensity cd and peak intensity f are gradually increased.