Environmental surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater systems and related environments in Wuhan

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Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has emerged as an effective environmental surveil-lance tool in monitoring fecal-oral pathogen infections within a community.Congruently,SARS-CoV-2,the etiologic agent of COVID-19,has been demonstrated to infect the gastroin-testinal tissues,and be shed in feces.In the present study,SARS-CoV-2 RNA was concen-trated from wastewater,sludge,surface water,ground water,sediment,and soil samples of municipal and hospital wastewater systems and related environments in Wuhan during the COVID-19 middle and low risk periods,and the viral RNA copies quantified using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).From the findings of this study,during the middle risk period,one influent sample and three secondary effluents col-lected from waste water treatment plant 2,as well as two samples from Jinyintan Hospital wastewater system influent were SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive.One sludge sample collected from Guanggu Branch of Tongji Hospital,which was obtained during the low risk period,was also positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA.These study findings demonstrate the significance of WBE in continuous surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 at the community level,even when the COVID-19 prevalence is low.Overall,this study can be used as an important reference for contingency management of wastewater treatment plants and COVID-19 prevention and control departments of Wuhan.
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