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鉴于转基因食品可能存在不确定的风险,许多国家都要求对转基因食品进行强制标识。由于欧盟自1998年以来暂停批准转基因农产品在欧盟市场的准入申请,2003年5月,美国、加拿大和阿根廷在世贸组织提起针对欧共体的申诉。在该案的审理过程中,欧盟对转基因食品的强制标识制度也成为一个争议的问题,这给中国政府敲响了警钟。在中国,目前有农业部和卫生部的两个相关管理办法。本文根据世贸组织的相关规则,包括《实施卫生与植物卫生措施协定》、《技术性贸易壁垒协定》以及关贸总协定1994第20条,从实体和程序上对我国现行规定的合法性进行了具体分析,并提出了相应建议,以期为政府相关部门的决策提供参考。
In view of the potentially uncertain risks of genetically modified foods, many countries require mandatory labeling of genetically modified foods. Since the EU has suspended the application for granting GM products access to the EU market since 1998, the United States, Canada and Argentina filed petitions against the EC in the WTO in May 2003. In the trial of the case, the EU mandatory labeling system of genetically modified foods has also become a controversial issue, which has sounded the alarm for the Chinese government. In China, there are currently two related administrative measures of the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Health. In accordance with the relevant WTO rules, including the Agreement on the Implementation of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade and Article 20 of the GATT 1994, the article concretely elaborates on the legality of the current regulations in our country in terms of entities and procedures Analysis, and put forward corresponding suggestions, with a view to provide reference for the decision-making of relevant government departments.