随着利什曼病正向城郊蔓延和艾滋病不断向农村传播,利什曼原虫/HIV合并感染已成为两病原体重叠分布国家的严重威胁。然而,我国当前面临的合并感染发生形势更为复杂,却几乎无人关注。鉴于此,本文综述了利什曼原虫/HIV合并感染在流行病学特征和发病机理等方面的最新进展,以期引起重视。 Leishmaniasis / HIV co-infection has become a serious threat to countries with overlapping distributions of pathogens as leishmaniasis is spreading to the suburbs and HIV continues to spread to rural areas. However, the current situation of co-infection in our country is more complicated, but almost no one concerned about it. In view of this, this article reviews the latest progress of Leishmania / HIV co-infection in epidemiology and pathogenesis, with a view to attracting attention.