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依据热弹塑性理论,建立了角钢搭接接头焊接残余应力的三维数值分析模型,利用ANSYS有限元软件对Q235和Q345角钢搭接焊接残余应力场进行了模拟计算,并分析了其应力分布特征。结果表明:焊缝及附近区域存在应力集中,尤其是焊根附近;相较于x及y方向,z方向(纵向)残余应力峰值较大;Q235角钢z方向拉应力峰值高于其屈服强度,Q345角钢z方向拉应力峰值低于其屈服强度;而两角钢焊缝及附近区域的Von-Mises等效应力则都分别超过了两者的屈服强度。此外,两角钢残余应力分布存在差别,Q235角钢外侧表面应力较内侧小,Q345角钢则相反。
Based on the theory of thermo-elasto-plasticity, a three-dimensional numerical model of the welding residual stress of the angle lap joint was set up. The residual stress field of the Q235 and Q345 angle lap welding was simulated by ANSYS finite element software and the stress distribution characteristics were analyzed. The results show that there is stress concentration in the welding seam and its vicinity, especially near the welding root. The peak value of residual stress in the z direction is larger than that in the x and y directions. The peak tensile stress in the z direction of Q235 steel is higher than its yield strength, Q345 angle z-direction tensile stress peak value is lower than its yield strength; and Von-Mises equivalent stress of the two angle steel weld and the vicinity of the area respectively exceed the yield strength of the two. In addition, there is a difference in residual stress distribution between the two angles. The stress on the outside surface of Q235 steel is smaller than that on the inside, while the angle of Q345 steel is the opposite.