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在多种恶性肿瘤中,巨噬细胞是浸润到肿瘤中的主要白细胞,被称为肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(tumor-associated macrophage,TAM)。TAM主要来源于血液循环中的单核细胞,属于一类倾向M2型的、分化并不完全的巨噬细胞,具有高度的可塑性。在不同肿瘤,甚至在同一类肿瘤的不同部位、不同生长阶段,TAM膜分子及细胞因子的表达程度不尽相同。TAM通过释放多种细胞因子,促进肿瘤的生长、侵袭、转移、血管和淋巴管发生。调控TAM的募集、分化和信号通路等,是肿瘤免疫治疗的重要方法。
Among various malignancies, macrophages are the major leukocytes infiltrated into the tumor, known as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). TAM is mainly derived from monocytes in the blood circulation and belongs to a class of M2 macrophages that are predisposed to differentiation and have a high degree of plasticity. In different tumors, even in different parts of the same type of tumor, at different growth stages, TAM membrane molecules and cytokines expression levels vary. TAM promotes tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, blood vessels and lymphangiogenesis by releasing a variety of cytokines. Regulation of TAM recruitment, differentiation and signal pathways, is an important method of tumor immunotherapy.