本文运用英国诺丁汉郡试验的临床和经济数据,评估了结肠直肠癌普查可能的医疗费用及收益.在英国结肠和直肠癌的发病率与死亡率是继肺癌的第二位。仅在英格兰和威尔士每年就有24000新病例.然而,代表性病例的5年存活率表明:如果癌症尽早发现并治疗,可以在很大程度上延长病人的生命。结肠直肠癌的特征之一是便血,当粪便通过大肠时血液就混入粪便中.在癌症的早期,便血是肉眼难以发现的,而化学方法则容易测出.“隐血试验”是一种化学检验法.目前被广泛地运用在诺丁汉郡结肠直肠癌隐血普查中.普查约100000人(50—70岁),结果表明,这种检验法是群众性普查的临 This article uses the clinical and economic data from the Nottinghamshire trial in the United Kingdom to assess the possible medical costs and benefits of screening for colorectal cancer. The incidence and mortality of colon and rectal cancer in the United Kingdom is second only to lung cancer. There are only 24,000 new cases each year in England and Wales. However, the five-year survival rate of representative cases suggests that if cancer is detected and treated as early as possible, the life of the patient can be greatly extended. One of the characteristics of colorectal cancer is blood in the stool. When the feces pass through the large intestine, the blood is mixed into the feces. In the early stages of cancer, blood in the stool is hardly visible to the naked eye, and chemical methods are easily detected. The “occult blood test” is a chemical test. The law is currently widely used in the screening of colorectal cancer occult blood in Nottinghamshire. The census is about 100,000 people (50-70 years old). The results show that this test is a temporary