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常绿阔叶林是我国东部低海拔地区的典型植被,基于大型动态监测样地的群落特征分析是揭示其生物多样性维持机制的基础。作者在天童国家森林公园建立了20ha的样地,并完成了第一次群落学特征调查和分析。结果显示,样地内共有胸径≥1cm的木本植物152种94,603株,隶属51科94属。重要值最大的前3个科依次是山茶科、樟科和壳斗科。属水平上热带区系成分占总属数的52.1%,温带区系成分占42.6%。常绿物种在样地内占绝对优势,占总重要值的80.3%。重要值最大的3个种依次是细枝柃(Eurya loquaiana)、黄丹木姜子(Litsea elongata)和南酸枣(Choerospondias axiliaris);稀有种共计55种,占总物种数的36.2%。木本植物整体径级结构呈逆“J”字型。萌枝分枝情况表明,常绿物种的萌、分枝能力强于落叶物种。此结果表明天童常绿阔叶林物种组成丰富,群落成熟稳定,更新良好,反映了亚热带东部常绿阔叶林的典型特征。
The evergreen broad-leaved forest is a typical vegetation in the low altitude area of eastern China. Community characteristics analysis based on large-scale dynamic monitoring plots is the basis for revealing the mechanism of biodiversity conservation. The author established a 20ha plot in Tiantong National Forest Park and completed the survey and analysis of the characteristics of the first community. The results showed that there were 94,603 woody plants belonging to 94 families belonging to 51 families in total. The top three most important important values are Camellia, Lauraceae and Fagaceae. At the genus level, the tropical flora accounts for 52.1% of the total genera and the temperate flora accounts for 42.6%. Evergreen species in the sample occupy the absolute advantage, accounting for 80.3% of the total importance. The three species with the largest important value were Eurya loquaiana, Litsea elongata and Choerospondias axiliaris. There were 55 rare species, accounting for 36.2% of the total species. Woody plant overall diameter structure was inverse “J ” font. Sprouting Branches indicate that the evergreen species have stronger adorable and branching ability than the deciduous species. The results indicated that the species composition of the evergreen broad-leaved forest in Tiantong is rich, the community is mature, stable and well-renewed, reflecting the typical characteristics of the evergreen broad-leaved forest in the eastern subtropical region.