批判性是老庄哲学极鲜明和重要的特征,老庄哲学在中国思想史上发挥了比较突出的“批判”功能。其实,如果把视野扩展到东亚思想史的范围,同样可以看到老庄思想的这种功能。日本近世的社会批判思想从不同角度、以不同程度借取了老庄哲学,老庄思想的社会文化批判功能,在日本文化中也明显地体现出来,日本近世重要思想家安藤昌益就是其突出代表。本文从批判“圣人立私法”、批判“法世”文化、“自然世”的理想社会等方面,分析和揭示了日本近世封建社会最彻底的批判者安藤昌益在社会批判思想上对老庄哲学的吸收,从而说明,老庄哲学的社会批判功能具有跨文化的影响,可以提供相应的思想资源,这或可启示我们进一步去发现它的现代价值。 Criticism is a very sharp and important feature of Lao-Zhuang’s philosophy. Lao-Zhuang philosophy played a prominent “critical” function in the history of Chinese thought. In fact, if we extend our horizons to the scope of East Asian intellectual history, we can also see such a function of Lao-Zhuang’s thinking. In modern Japanese society, the critical thinking of society borrows Lao-Zhuang’s philosophy from different angles to varying degrees, and the social and cultural critical functions of Lao-Zhuang’s thought are clearly reflected in Japanese culture. Ando Masanori, an important thinker in Japan, is the outstanding representative. This article analyzes and reveals the most thorough criticism of Japan’s modern feudal society, Ando Chang-wei, in the social critique from the aspects of critical “self-made saint private law”, the critical society of “Fa Shi” and “the natural world” The absorption of Lao-Zhuang’s philosophy from the perspective of ideology shows that the social critique function of Lao-Zhuang’s philosophy has the cross-cultural influence and can provide the corresponding ideological resources. This may also inspire us to further discover its modern value.