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应用１９９２～１９９６年的ＴＯＰＥＸ／ＰＯＳＥＩＤＯＮ卫星高度计遥感资料，研究了 冬、夏季风强盛期多年平均的南海上层环流结构．研究结果表明，南海上层流结构呈 明显的季节变化，在很大程度上受该海区冬、夏交替的季风支配．冬季总环流呈气旋 型，并发育有两个次海盆尺度气旋型环流；夏季总环流大致呈反气旋型、但在南海东 部１８°Ｎ以南海域未见明显流系发育．研究还表明，南海环流的西向强化趋势明显， 无论冬、夏在中南半岛沿岸和巽他陆架外缘均存在急流，其流向冬、夏相反，是南海上 层环流中最强劲的一支．鉴于该海流的动力特征与海洋动力学中定义的漂流不同， 有相当大的地转成分，建议称为“南海季风急流（Ｓｏｕｔｈ Ｃｈｉｎａ Ｓｅａ Ｍｏｎｓｏｏｎ Ｊｅｔ）”．冬 季南下的季风急流在南海南部受巽他陆架阻挡折向东北，沿加里曼丹岛和巴拉望岛 外海有较强东北向流发育．夏季北上的季风急流在海南岛东南分为两支：北支沿陆 架北上，似为传统意义上的南海暖流；南支沿１８°Ｎ向东横穿南海后折向东北；二者 之间（陆架坡折附近）为弱流区．两分支在汕头外海汇合后，南海暖流流速增强．就 多年平均而言，黑潮只在冬季侵入南海东北部，并在南海北部诱生一个次海盆尺度的 气旋型环流，这
Based on the TOPEX / POSEIDON satellite altimetry data from 1992 to 1996, the South China Sea circulation structure over the years of intense winter and summer monsoon was studied. The results show that the structure of the upper strata in the South China Sea shows a clear seasonal change, which is largely controlled by the monsoon alternation between winter and summer in the sea. The general circulation in winter is cyclonic, and there are two cycles of sub-basin scale cyclonic circulation. The summer general circulation is generally anti-cyclone type, but no obvious flow system is found in the area south of 18 ° N in the eastern South China Sea. The study also shows that the circulation of the South China Sea is obviously intensified in the west direction. Both the winter and summer have rapids along the coast of Indo-South China Sea and the outer shelf of the Shetta Shelf. The flow to winter and summer is the strongest in the upper circulation of the South China Sea. Given the dynamic characteristics of this ocean current, which differ from drifting as defined in ocean dynamics and have a considerable geostrophic component, it is proposed to call South China Sea Monsoon Jet. In winter, the south monsoon jet flows are blocked by the Shetland Shelf in the northeast of the South China Sea and developed northeasternly toward the northeast along the waters off Kalimantan Island and Palawan Island. The monsoon jet stream in the north of summer is divided into two parts in the southeast of Hainan Island. The north branch flows northward along the shelf, which is similar to the warm current of the South China Sea in the traditional sense. The south branch flows northeastward after crossing the South China Sea at 18 ° N. Shelf slope near the collapse) for the weak flow area. After the two branches merged in Shantou, the velocity of the warm stream in the South China Sea increased. For many years, on average, the Kuroshio intruded into the northeastern part of the South China Sea only in winter and induced a cyclonic circulation on the sub-basin scale in the northern part of the South China Sea