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目的研究不同频率给予地塞米松(Dex)对大鼠胫骨皮质骨和松质骨骨质疏松的影响。方法 3月龄雌性SD大鼠肌注给予Dex 1mg·kg-1,给药频率分别为每周2次、4次和6次,共计给药30d。取胫骨上段和中段进行石蜡包埋,HE染色观察骨结构变化,结合骨形态计量学检测松质骨的骨小梁面积百分数(%Tb.Ar)、骨小梁宽度(Tb.Wi)、骨小梁数量(Tb.N)和骨小梁分离度(Tb.Sp),以及皮质骨的骨组织总面积(T.Ar)、皮质骨厚度(Ct.Th)、皮质骨面积(Ct.Ar)、骨髓腔面积(Ma.Ar),以及骨外膜面周长(P-Pm)和骨内膜面周长(E-Pm)。结果①胫骨上段松质骨:HE染色结果显示,正常对照组骨小梁排列密集,小梁较宽;每周2次组与之相比无明显变化,4次和6次组Tb.Wi变窄(P<0.05)。骨形态计量学进一步确认,与正常组相比,2次组无明显变化;4次及6次组%Tb.Ar和Tb.Wi均明显减少(P<0.05),而Tb.N和Tb.Sp无显著变化。②胫骨中段皮质骨:HE染色结果发现,正常对照组皮质骨切片呈现淡红色、中空环状结构;与正常对照组相比,2次和4次组未见明显差异;6次组Ct.Th和Ct.Ar百分比相对减少(P<0.05)。骨形态计量学确认,与正常对照组相比,6次组T.Ar,P-Pm,Ct.Th和Ct.Ar均明显减少(P<0.05),Ma.Ar,E-Pm无变化,Ma.Ar明显变大(P<0.05)。2次组T.Ar和Ct.Th显著减少(P<0.05),4次组仅T.Ar减少(P<0.05),其他指标均无显著差异。结论 Dex的给药频率影响骨质疏松,增加糖皮质激素给药的频率,可以缩短骨质疏松形成时间。
Objective To study the effects of dexamethasone (Dex) on osteoporosis of cortical and cancellous tibia in rats at different frequencies. Methods 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were given Dex 1 mg · kg-1 intramuscularly, and the frequency of administration was 2, 4 and 6 times a week for a total of 30 days. The upper and middle tibia were embedded in paraffin, the changes of bone structure were observed by HE staining. The percentage of trabecular area (% Tb.Ar), trabecular bone (Tb.Wi), bone Trabecular number (Tb.N) and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), and cortical bone total area (T.Ar), cortical bone thickness (Ct.Th), cortical bone area (Ct.Ar ), Bone marrow cavity area (Ma.Ar), periosteum surface circumference (P-Pm) and endosteal surface circumference (E-Pm). Results ①The cancellous bone in the upper tibia: The HE staining showed that the trabecular arranged in the normal control group with a wide trabeculae; there was no significant change in the twice-weekly group compared with that in the fourth and sixth-group Tb.Wi Narrow (P <0.05). Bone morphometry further confirmed that compared with the normal group, no significant changes in the second group; 4 and 6 groups% Tb.Ar and Tb.Wi were significantly reduced (P <0.05), while Tb.N and Tb. Sp no significant change. ② The middle cortical bone of the tibia: HE staining showed that the cortical bone slices of the normal control group showed a light red, hollow ring structure; compared with the normal control group, there was no significant difference between the 2nd and 4th groups; Ct.Th And Ct.Ar percentage decreased (P <0.05). Bone histomorphometry confirmed that T.Ar, P-Pm, Ct.Th and Ct.Ar decreased significantly (P <0.05), Ma.Ar and E-Pm did not change in the sixth group compared with the normal control group, Ma.Ar was significantly larger (P <0.05). The values of T.Ar and Ct.Th in the second group were significantly decreased (P <0.05), while in the fourth group only T.Ar was decreased (P <0.05), while the other indexes were not significantly different. Conclusion The frequency of administration of Dex affects osteoporosis and increases the frequency of glucocorticoid administration, which can shorten the formation time of osteoporosis.