在劳动关系主体框架下,利用2003—2012年我国省级面板数据,研究劳动争议案件发生的影响因素。结果发现:经济发展水平不断提高,会导致劳动争议案件增加,但经济增长速度没有显著的影响。经济转型进程中的国有企业比重下降,会导致劳动争议案件增加;劳动争议容易发生在低人力资本劳动者群体上,提高劳动者人力资本水平,会显著减少劳动争议案件的发生;政府对劳动关系的干预程度与劳动争议案件发生密切相关,政府干预程度的加深,会有效减少劳动争议发生。另外,东中部地区劳动争议的影响因素存在明显的差异。要减少劳动争议案件的发生,不仅要加强人力资本投资、提升劳动者人力资本水平,在企业中建立集体谈判制度以协调利益分配,而且需要政府加大对劳动关系的干预程度。 Under the framework of the main body of labor relations, we use the provincial panel data from 2003 to 2012 to study the influencing factors of labor dispute cases. The result shows that: the continuous improvement of economic development will result in an increase of labor dispute cases, but the economic growth rate has no significant impact. The declining proportion of state-owned enterprises in the process of economic restructuring will lead to an increase in cases of labor disputes; labor disputes will easily occur in low-labor-capital laborers, raising the level of human capital of laborers will significantly reduce the incidence of labor disputes; The degree of intervention is closely related to labor dispute cases. The deepening of government intervention will effectively reduce the occurrence of labor disputes. In addition, there are obvious differences in the influencing factors of labor disputes in the eastern and central regions. To reduce cases of labor disputes, we must not only strengthen investment in human capital, upgrade the level of human capital of workers, establish a collective bargaining system in enterprises to coordinate the distribution of benefits, and require the government to step up its intervention in labor relations.