药物引起的血液疾病较为常见,据世界卫生组织的资料,其发病率约占全部药源性疾患的10%,其中以白细胞减少和粒细胞缺乏症之发病率最高.导致各种血液病的药物各有不同,有的药物可致多种血液病。不同药物可通过不同机制致病,但一般不外免疫性和非免疫性两方面。前者与用药剂量无关,后者则与长期或大量用药有关。各种血液病的病情及病程十分不同,部分病例病情较为严重,病死率较高。诊断主要依据用药历史、临床表现、外周血及骨髓检查等。特别要注意与非药源性血液病的鉴别。有些患者由于曾接受多种药物治疗,有时难于确定致病药物。关于治疗,除及时停用致病药物及采取对症和支持疗法外,必要时采取控制感染等综合措施。现将常见的药源性血液病概述如下,并附表说 Drug-induced blood diseases are more common, according to the World Health Organization, the incidence rate of about 10% of all drug-induced diseases, of which the highest incidence of leukopenia and agranulocytosis. Lead to a variety of blood diseases of the drug Different, some drugs can cause a variety of blood diseases. Different drugs can be caused by different mechanisms, but generally not immune and non-immune aspects. The former has nothing to do with the dose, which is related to long-term or heavy drug use. The condition and course of various blood diseases are quite different. In some cases, the disease is more serious and the case fatality rate is higher. The diagnosis is mainly based on medication history, clinical manifestations, peripheral blood and bone marrow examination. Special attention should be paid to the identification of non-drug-induced blood diseases. Some patients have received multiple drug treatment, sometimes difficult to determine pathogenic drugs. With regard to treatment, in addition to timely withdrawal of pathogenic drugs and symptomatic and supportive care, comprehensive measures such as infection control are taken if necessary. Commonly known drug-induced hematological disease is summarized as follows, and attached table said