本文分析了发包人面临的政策法律法规变化、边界不清、设计不当、招标文件质量不高和施工索赔等主要风险,并按照风险优化分配和风险可控的原则,将以上风险在发包人和承包人之间进行了合理的分配,以使工程项目能够在最优条件下顺利实施。同时,提出重视招标活动在风险管理中的作用,通过委托专业招标代理机构、提高招标文件编制质量、引入第三方审查机构等措施,来降低或消灭风险带来的不利影响,保证项目目标的实现。 This paper analyzes the main policies, such as the change of policy, laws and regulations, unclear boundaries, improper design, low quality of bidding documents and construction claims, etc. according to the principle of the optimal allocation of risk and controllable risk, The contractors have been properly allocated so that the project can be successfully implemented under the optimal conditions. At the same time, it puts forward the importance of bidding activities in risk management. By entrusting professional bidding agencies, improving the quality of bidding documents and introducing third-party auditing agencies, it can reduce or eliminate the adverse effects caused by risks and ensure the realization of project objectives .