为揭示氮肥对超高产大豆花、荚形成及产量的影响规律。田间研究了施纯氮(0,45,90,135 kg/hm2)处理对中黄35叶片生长、开花、结荚及产量的影响。结果表明,施氮90,135 kg/hm2较未施氮明显增加主茎第9节至第15节的叶面积和群体叶面积指数,增加第9节至第14节花数、第6节至第16节荚数和腔数,开花期、结荚期分别延长0~4 d,0~12 d;单位面积总花数、腔数和产量分别增加8.4%~37.4%,3.9%~29.2%,3.1%~11.5%,施氮135 kg/hm2处理的产量达6 514.8 kg/hm2,其总花数为3 489.5×104朵/hm2,总腔数为3 349.5×104个/hm2。开花期施氮肥增产的重要原因是促进上部节叶片生长,增加群体叶面积指数,并延长开花期和结荚期,增加上部节的花数、荚数和腔数。超高产大豆田的适宜施氮量为90 kg/hm2左右。 To reveal the effect of nitrogen on the flower and pod formation and yield of super-high-yielding soybean. Field effects of applying pure nitrogen (0, 45, 90 and 135 kg / hm2) on growth, flowering, pod and yield of medium yellow 35 leaves were studied. The results showed that the nitrogen application rates of 90 and 135 kg / hm2 significantly increased the leaf area and leaf area index of main stems from the 9th to the 15th and increased the number of flowers from the 9th to the 14th and the 6th to 16th The number of pod and cavity, flowering stage and podding stage were prolonged by 0 ~ 4 d and 0 ~ 12 d, respectively. The total number of flowers per unit area, cavity number and yield increased by 8.4% -37.4%, 3.9% -29.2%, 3.1 The total number of flowers was 3 489.5 × 104 plants / hm2, and the total number of cavities was 3 349.5 × 104 plants / hm2. The yield was 6 514.8 kg / hm2. The important reason for the increase of nitrogen fertilizer in flowering stage is to promote the growth of upper leaves, increase the leaf area index of the population, prolong the flowering and podding stages, and increase the number of flowers, pods and the number of the upper nodes. The optimum amount of nitrogen fertilizer for ultra high yield soybean field is about 90 kg / hm2.