利用1980年到2000年宁夏银川、大武口、石炭井、惠农4个气象站逐日降水量及大武口、汝箕沟、苏屿口3个水文站同期逐日山洪流量,首先分析了贺兰山沿山山洪发生特点,山洪的发生与大降水的季节分布基本一致;然后分析了4种不同对应关系不同要素间的相关性。表明:山洪与降水量有明显的对应关系,降水量与山洪流量、分级降水与山洪流量间有一定的相关性,有量降水与后延3日山洪流量间的相关性较与当日山洪流量间相关程度要好,降水或持续性降水对山洪暴发有一定的累积作用和延后效应,特别是较大山洪的出现与大降水、连续性降水及降水集中期的出现有密切关系;各站最强一次山洪发生时日降水量均≥25mm,可以将日降水量作为一项对山洪发生可能性进行预报预测和防范的重要指标。 Using the daily precipitation of 4 weather stations in Yinchuan, Dawukou, Carboniferous and Huinong of Ningxia in 1980-2000 and the daily daily mountain torrent flow of 3 hydrological stations in Dawukou, Rujigou and Suyukou from 1980 to 2000, The characteristics of flash flood occur, and the occurrence of flash flood basically coincides with the seasonal distribution of heavy rainfall. Then the correlation between different elements of four different correspondences is analyzed. The results show that there is a clear correspondence between flash flood and precipitation. There is a certain correlation between precipitation and flash flood flow, graded rainfall and flash flood discharge. The degree of correlation is better. Precipitation or persistent precipitation has a certain cumulative effect and delay effect on flash floods, especially the occurrence of larger flash floods is closely related to the appearance of heavy precipitation, continuous precipitation and precipitation concentration period; the strongest stations When a flash flood occurred daily average rainfall ≥ 25mm, daily precipitation can be used as an indicator of the possibility of flash floods predict and prevent an important indicator.