经过几十年的企业实践和营销学者的研究,以顾客为中心的营销理念已经取代生产导向、产品导向和推销导向成为营销学的主流,并成广大企业当作经营圣经,追求顾客满意和顾客忠诚俨然成了现代营销的核心任务。然而著名营销学专家、北爱尔兰Ulster大学营销学教授、美国西北大学大 After decades of practice and marketing scholars research, customer-centric marketing concept has replaced production-oriented, product-oriented and marketing-oriented marketing has become the mainstream, and into the vast number of businesses as the Bible, the pursuit of customer satisfaction and customers Loyalty seems to have become the core task of modern marketing. However, a well-known marketing expert, Professor of Marketing, Ulster University, Northern Ireland University, Northwestern University