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目的分析安康市2006-2015年麻疹流行病学特征,为消除麻疹提供科学依据。方法采样描述性流行病学方法对安康市2006-2015年麻疹发病情况进行分析。结果安康市2006-2015年共报告麻疹病例592例,年均发病率为2.20/10万。一年四季均有病例报告,以冬春季为主,3~6月高发;发病地区以汉滨区为主;发病年龄主要集中在<8月龄、8月龄~2岁组和15~岁组人群,分别占发病总数的20.10%、22.80%和37.84%;发病人群以散居儿童和农民为主,分别占发病总数的45.27%和21.11%。结论巩固常规免疫工作,开展含麻疹类疫苗强化免疫或查漏补种活动;加强传染病管理,控制院内感染发生;孕前夫妻双方接种麻疹类疫苗,可有效降低麻疹发病。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles from 2006 to 2015 in Ankang City and provide a scientific basis for the elimination of measles. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence of measles in Ankang from 2006 to 2015. Results A total of 592 cases of measles were reported in Ankang from 2006 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 2.20 / 100 000. There are case reports throughout the year, mainly in winter and spring, high incidence in 3 to 6 months; the incidence of Han Bin district mainly; onset age mainly in <8 months old, 8 months old to 2 years old and 15 years old Group, accounting for 20.10%, 22.80% and 37.84% respectively of the total number of cases. The majority of the patients were scattered children and peasants, accounting for 45.27% and 21.11% of the total respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Consolidating the routine immunization work and carrying out measles vaccine vaccination or leak detection and replanting activities; strengthening the management of infectious diseases and controlling the occurrence of nosocomial infections; and vaccination of both measles patients before pregnancy can effectively reduce the incidence of measles.