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采取田间定位试验与室内分析相结合的方法,研究了有机稻蟹、常规稻蟹与单作水稻生产模式对土壤活性有机碳和酶活性的影响。结果表明,与单作水稻模式相比,有机稻蟹模式下的土壤总有机碳(TOC)、活性有机碳(LOC)、中活性有机碳(MLOC)、高活性有机碳(HLOC)含量及碳库管理指数(CMI)均显著或者极显著提高,且有机肥用量越大,效果越显著;有机稻蟹模式显著提高了土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、转化酶及碱性磷酸酶活性,与2009年相比,2010年中量有机肥稻蟹模式(M3)的LOC和MLOC含量增幅最高,分别达10.11%和5.14%;低量有机肥稻蟹模式(M4)的脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性增幅最为明显,分别达80.25%和46.62%;常规稻蟹模式各指标的变化也有其类似的规律,但均明显低于有机稻蟹模式。相关分析表明,TOC、LOC、MLOC与4种土壤酶活性呈显著或者极显著正相关,相关系数最低为0.584*(P<0.05),最高可达0.940**(P<0.01)。因此,有机稻蟹生产模式不仅能显著提高土壤有机质的数量和质量,而且能增加土壤酶活性,提高土壤肥力。
The effects of organic rice crab, conventional rice crab and monoculture rice on soil active organic carbon and enzyme activities were studied by field experiments and laboratory analysis. The results showed that compared with monoculture rice model, the contents of total organic carbon (TOC), active organic carbon (LOC), active organic carbon (MLOC), high activity organic carbon (HLOC) and organic carbon CMI was significantly or extremely significantly increased, and the greater the amount of organic manure, the more obvious the effect; organic rice crab mode significantly increased soil catalase, urease, invertase and alkaline phosphatase activity, and 2009 Compared with the year of 2010, the contents of LOC and MLOC increased by 10.11% and 5.14% respectively in the medium-sized organic rice crab mode (M3) in 2010. The activities of urease and alkaline phosphatase The most obvious increase, respectively 80.25% and 46.62%; conventional rice crab model changes in the indicators have their similar rules, but were significantly lower than the organic rice crab model. Correlation analysis showed that TOC, LOC and MLOC had significant or highly significant positive correlation with soil enzyme activities, with the lowest correlation coefficient of 0.584 * (P <0.05) and the highest of 0.940 ** (P <0.01). Therefore, the organic rice crab production mode can not only significantly improve the quantity and quality of soil organic matter, but also increase soil enzyme activity and improve soil fertility.