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针对动车组车顶绝缘子低温、凝露、大雾天气下易引发闪络事故,以受电弓绝缘子为研究对象,建立绝缘子表面水珠简化的平行电极3维计算模型。采用电场旋转角定义水珠的外加电场方向,研究了外加电场下最大电场增强因子与电场旋转角的关系,得到了2者之间的函数关系,以此分析了车顶绝缘子均压环的优化设置参数。研究结果表明:含分离水珠的车顶绝缘子表面电场畸变与外加场强方向有关,最大场强点位于等电位面与水珠的切点处,端切点处电场的畸变比顶切点处更明显;考虑体积为1μL的半球形水珠分布于车顶绝缘子不同位置的电场增强因子变化,优化高压端伞裙表面最大场强的原则,确定了均压环半径R=90 mm、距离高压端高度H=49 mm、截面半径r=20 mm的最佳均压环配置方案。
In order to solve the problem of lightning flashover caused by low temperature, condensation and fog in the roof insulator of EMU, a three-dimensional calculation model of simplified parallel electrodes for insulator bead surface is established with the pantograph insulator as the research object. The direction of applied electric field of water droplet is defined by the electric field rotation angle. The relationship between the maximum electric field enhancement factor and electric field rotation angle under applied electric field is studied, and the relationship between the two is obtained. Setting parameters. The results show that the surface electric field distortion of the insulator with separated water droplets is related to the direction of applied field strength. The maximum field strength point is located at the point of contact between the equipotential surface and the water droplet. More obvious; considering the principle that the hemispherical bead with the volume of 1μL distributed on different positions of the roof insulator changes the maximum field strength of the high-pressure end shed, the radius of the equalizing ring is determined as R = 90 mm, The best HGA configuration with end height H = 49 mm and cross section radius r = 20 mm.