近几十年来,现代心理学方法论突现出一系列引人注目的新特点、新动向。引起现代心理学方法论变革的原因不仅仅是科学整体化趋势下,学科间方法的借用、渗透、融合,更深刻的原因是对人的心理的本质属性的哲学认识。现代心理学对人的心理的本质属性的认识,受时代精神的影响,经历了一个从灵魂到物质实体、到机器、到生物有机体,再到社会存在这样一个由低级到高级的认识过程。同时这种认识本身又经历了一个从机械的、形而上学的认识到辨证的认识过程。它们决定了现代心理学的方法论。由于这种决定作用,现代心理学方法论呈现为一种具有多个层次的方法论结构系统,即分别由机械决定论、生物决定论、社会决定论、决定论与概率论结合所决定的方法论所组成的结构系统 In recent decades, modern psychology methodology has emerged a series of dramatic new features and new trends. The reason why the modern psychology methodological change is caused is not only the tendency of scientific globalization, but also the borrowing, infiltration and integration of interdisciplinary methods. The deeper reason is the philosophical understanding of the essential attribute of human psychology. Under the influence of the spirit of the times, modern psychology has undergone a cognitive process from the soul to the physical entity, to the machine, to the biological organism, to the social existence, from low to high. At the same time, this kind of understanding itself has undergone a process of cognition from mechanics and metaphysics to dialectical cognition. They determine the methodology of modern psychology. Due to this decisive function, modern psychology methodology appears as a system of methodological structures with multiple levels, namely, a methodology that is determined by a combination of mechanical determinism, biological determinism, social determinism, determinism, and probability theory The structural system