【摘 要】
：
We describe the first genome isolation of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Kenya.This fatal zoonotic pathogen was first described in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 2012.Epidemiological and molecular evidence revealed zoonotic tra
【机 构】
：
Institute for Biotechnology Research, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology,Nairobi
论文部分内容阅读
We describe the first genome isolation of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Kenya.This fatal zoonotic pathogen was first described in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 2012.Epidemiological and molecular evidence revealed zoonotic transmission from camels to humans and between humans.Currently,MERS-CoV is classified by the WHO as having high pandemic potential requiring greater surveillance.Previous studies of MERS-CoV in Kenya mainly focused on site-specific and archived camel and human serum samples for antibodies.We conducted active nationwide cross-sectional surveillance of camels and humans in Kenya,targeting both nasal swabs and plasma samples from 1,163 camels and 486 humans collected from January 2016 to June 2018.A total of 792 camel plasma samples were positive by ELISA.Seroprevalence increased with age,and the highest prevalence was observed in adult camels (82.37％,95％ confidence interval (CI) 79.50-84.91).More female camels were significantly seropositive (74.28％,95％ CI 71.14-77.19) than male camels (P ＜ 0.001) (53.74％,95％ CI 48.48-58.90).Only 11 camel nasal swabs were positive for MERS-CoV by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR.Phylogenetic analysis of whole genome sequences showed that Kenyan MERS-CoV clustered within sub-clade C2,which is associated with the African clade,but did not contain signature deletions of orf4b in African viruses.None of the human plasma screened contained neutralizing antibodies against MERS-CoV.This study confirms the geographically widespread occurrence of MERS-CoV in Kenyan camels.Further one-health surveillance approaches in camels,wildlife,and human populations are needed.
其他文献
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) rapidly causes cytopathic effects in susceptible cells.Incomplete viral clearance during the acute infection leads to persistent infection.The relationship between host gene expression and the persistent infection remai
Dear Editor,rnIn 2009,an outbreak of an unknown infectious disease occurred in rural areas of Hubei Province,China,affecting 17 persons,five of whom died.It was initially suspected to be human anaplasmosis (Zhang et al.2008).However,the laboratory evidenc
The emergence of highly virulent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) variants in China caused huge economic losses in 2010.Since then,large-scale sporadic outbreaks of PED caused by PEDV variants have occasionally occurred in China.However,the molecula
Since 2010,variant strains of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) have caused disasters in the pork industry.The spike (S) protein,as the major immunity-eliciting antigen,has previously been used for serological testing and has been found to correlate
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious transboundary animal disease with a severe socio-economic impact on the livestock industry,particularly in poor countries where it is endemic.Full understanding of PPR virus (PPRV) pathobiology and m
Skin-resident dendritic cells (DCs) likely encounter incoming viruses in the first place,and their migration to lymph nodes following virus capture may promote viral replication.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes remain unclear.In
Rasmussen\'s encephalitis (RE) is a rare and severe progressive epileptic syndrome with unknown etiology.Infection by viruses,including human cytomegalovirus (HCMV),has been speculated to be a potential trigger for RE.However,no viral antigens have been
Rabies remains a public health threat that kills approximately 59,000 people worldwide each year,most of which are from the developing countries of Africa and Asia where dog rabies are endemic.Therefore,developing an affordable and efficacious vaccine is