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文章介绍了一种新的隧道防火通风理论。与目前通用理论不同的是,该模型没有从Froude相似准则出发,而是通过对基本热流体动力学方程组的简化、分析,揭示了火源放热率与隧道通风速度和隧道高度之间的逻辑关系,提出了以火势为特征的隧道火灾通风理论;依据这一理论,隧道通风临界速度为火势的对数函数,进而解释了大型隧道火灾中临界速度与火源放热率无关这一重要实验现象;利用新的火势概念,该理论给出了定量的火灾分类准则,并从数学上描述了各类火灾的物理特征;与现有实验数据比较,新理论无需任何实验修正,在所有火源放热率范围内成功地预测了隧道通风临界速度,从理论上克服了现有模型中临界速度随放热率无限增大的问题。由于新理论的二维性质,隧道侧壁面对防火通风的影响仍需进一步研究。
The article introduces a new tunnel fire ventilation theory. Unlike the current general theory, this model does not start from the Froude similarity criterion. Instead, it simplifies and analyzes the basic thermodynamic equations to reveal the relationship between the heat release rate of the heat source and the tunnel ventilation speed and tunnel height According to this theory, the critical speed of tunnel ventilation is the logarithm function of fire, which explains the importance of the critical speed in large tunnel fire not related to the heat release rate of fire source Experimental phenomenon; using the new concept of fire, this theory gives a quantitative fire classification criteria, and describes the physical characteristics of various types of fire mathematically; compared with the existing experimental data, the new theory without any experimental amendment, in all fire In the range of source heat release rate, the critical velocity of tunnel ventilation is successfully predicted, which theoretically overcomes the problem that the critical velocity increases exponentially with the heat release rate. Due to the two-dimensional nature of the new theory, the influence of tunnel sidewalls on fire ventilation needs further study.