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为了扩大吸振器的工作频带,减小吸振器的阻尼,最终提高吸振器的减振效果,本文设计了一种自适应主动共振吸振器。文中对几种不同种类吸振器的减振原理、动力学特性等进行了理论分析和比较,集成自调谐吸振器和主动吸振器的优点,完成了一种自适应主动共振吸振器的设计,并提出了一种变步长、双寻优的控制算法。在振动台上测试了吸振器的动力学特性并理论分析了吸振器的移频特性和阻尼特性。在两端固支梁上对吸振器的减振效果进行了实验评估。实验结果显示,相比自调谐吸振器,加入主动力控制后,自适应主动共振吸振器的阻尼比从0.04减小至0.02,减振效果得到了显著的提高。
In order to expand the working frequency band of the vibration absorber, reduce the damping of the vibration absorber and finally improve the damping effect of the vibration absorber, an adaptive active resonance vibration absorber is designed in this paper. In this paper, the damping principle and dynamic characteristics of several kinds of vibration absorbers are theoretically analyzed and compared, the advantages of self-tuning vibration absorbers and active vibration absorbers are integrated, and an adaptive active resonance vibration absorber is designed. A control algorithm with variable step size and double optimization is proposed. The dynamic characteristics of the vibration absorber are tested on a shaking table and the frequency-shifting characteristics and damping characteristics of the vibration absorber are theoretically analyzed. The vibration damping effect of shock absorber was evaluated experimentally on both ends of the beam. The experimental results show that compared with the self-tuning vibration absorber, the damping ratio of the adaptive active vibration absorber is reduced from 0.04 to 0.02 after the active power control is added, and the vibration damping effect has been significantly improved.