目的 :探讨慢性中耳乳突炎在高分辨率CT(HRCT)中的表现。方法 :对手术病理证实的 30例慢性中耳乳突炎患者的术前HRCT表现与手术病理结果进行对照分析。结果 :胆脂瘤型 17例 ,HRCT表现以团块状或弥漫分布软组织影为主 ,多伴有听小骨及周围骨质不同程度破坏 ;肉芽型 8例 ,HRCT表现为弥漫或散在分布软组织影 ,听小骨破坏轻微或没有 ;单纯型 5例 ,未见软组织影。结论 :根据中耳乳突腔内软组织影形态及骨破坏程度 ,慢性中耳乳突炎患者可通过HRCT得到准确诊断 Objective: To investigate the performance of chronic otitis media in high resolution CT (HRCT). Methods: Thirty cases of chronic otitis media confirmed by surgery and pathology were compared with preoperative HRCT findings and pathological findings. Results: There were 17 cases of cholesteatoma with HRCT manifesting as massive or diffuse distribution of soft tissue. Most of them were accompanied with varying degrees of destruction of the ossicles and the surrounding bone. In 8 cases of granuloma, HRCT showed diffuse or scattered soft tissue , Little or no damage to the ossicles; simple type in 5 cases, no soft tissue shadow. Conclusions: According to the soft tissue shadow morphology and the degree of bone destruction in the middle ear, the diagnosis of chronic otitis media can be accurately diagnosed by HRCT