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随着分子生物学的发展,证明了酶蛋白的多肽链结构是由DNA分子上的核苷酸排列顺序决定的,同工酶结构的变异主要反映了基因的差异。但也有一部分同工酶是在多肽链合成之后它的结构经过改变而来的。所以,同工酶分析方法,为遗传学研究提供了一个有力工具。 Schwartz最早应用同工酶技术于玉米杂交工作,发现了迁移率明显不同的酯酶同工酶,并把迁移率介于两亲本中间地位,而又为亲本所没有的新的同工酶带称之为杂种酶。另外,作者还研究了乙醇脱氢酶以及它们的调节控制机理,为利用同工酶研究杂种优势打下了基础。
With the development of molecular biology, it has been proved that the structure of the polypeptide chain of enzyme protein is determined by the order of the nucleotides on the DNA molecule. The variation of isozyme structure mainly reflects the difference of genes. But some isozymes also have their structure changed after their synthesis. Therefore, the isozyme analysis method provides a powerful tool for genetics research. Schwartz first applied isozyme technology in maize hybridization and found that the mobility of esterase isoenzyme was significantly different, and the mobility of the intermediate between the two parents, but not for the new parents of the isozyme with the said It is a hybrid enzyme. In addition, the authors also studied the mechanisms of alcohol dehydrogenase and their regulation and control, which laid the foundation for the study of heterosis using isozymes.