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本文译自《中国文学》(Chinese Literature Essays Articles Review,1990年12月,CLEAR 出版社),作者斯蒂芬·欧文,美国哈佛大学比较文学和中国文学教授,该文以唐诗和它的历史背景之间的关系为例,阐述了一个西方现代文学理论的重要命题:文学作品中所指涉的历史背景不等同于历史学家的史观;对历史的描述只是历史的“影子”,而非历史本身;在解读古代诗歌的过程中,一方面文本会唤起后代读者的想象力,去把握诗人创作时的历史环境,只有这样才有助于理解诗人的创作意图和诗作的内涵,而另一方面,诗人又应力求避免让后代读者一眼识破诗人的意图及作品内涵与当时时代背景间的关系,他应当让读者去揣摩和猜想。一个优秀的诗人必须驾驭好作品和历史背景之间的若即若离的关系。一部成功的诗作,其魅力正在于此,对于力图探寻作品的思想内涵和艺术技巧的后代读者来说,它应是一个亦显亦晦而又仁智自见的斯芬克斯式的千古之谜。
This article is from the Chinese Literature Essays Articles Review (December 1990, CLEAR Press), author Stephen Owen, a professor of comparative literature and Chinese literature at Harvard University in the United States, As an example, it expounds the important proposition of a modern Western literary theory: the historical background referred to in literary works is not identical with that of historians; the description of history is only the “shadow” of history, not the history itself In the process of interpreting ancient poetry, on the one hand, the text will arouse the imagination of future generations’ readers and grasp the historical environment when the poet was created. Only in this way can the poet’s intention of creation and the connotation of poetry be understood. On the other hand, The poet should strive to avoid letting the readers of the future generations see through his poet’s intentions at a glance and the relationship between the connotation of his works and the background of the times. He should let the readers try to figure out and guess. A good poet must master the close relationship between good works and historical background. For a successful poem, its charm lies here, and it should be an Sphynx-style eternity for those who are desperate and desperate to explore the ideological content and artistic skills of the work. mystery of.