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金属硬度的测定,一般采用布氏或洛氏硬度计测量。洛氏硬度值是用120°金刚石圆锥体压入试件,测量压痕的深度求得。布氏硬度值是用钢球在规定的负荷和载荷时间下,通过计算钢球压痕之球形表面积所承受的平均压力(kg/mm~2)求得,即 HB=P/(π·D·b)。由于测量压痕深度比较困难,而测定压痕直径比较容易,故根据压痕直径 d 与压痕深度 h 的几何关系(图1),
Determination of metal hardness, the general use of Brinell or Rockwell hardness measurement. Rockwell hardness value is 120 ° diamond cone into the specimen, the depth of indentation measured. The Brinell hardness value is obtained by calculating the average pressure (kg / mm ~ 2) on the spherical surface area of the steel ball indentation under the specified load and load time, that is, HB = P / (π · D · B). Due to the difficulty of measuring the indentation depth, it is relatively easy to measure the indentation diameter. Therefore, according to the geometric relationship between indentation diameter d and indentation depth h (Figure 1)