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负热膨胀(negative thermal expansion,NTE)材料可作为填料制备可控热膨胀复合材料。高质量聚合物复合材料的研发面临诸多挑战,包括 NTE填料与基体材料的相容性,NTE相的稳定性,颗料形貌和尺寸的控制及其对混合程度的影响。本文对影响聚合物复合材料成型中存在的诸多可能存在的问题进行了述评,讨论了对有望用作填料的 NTE材料的要求,即对NTE填料颗粒尺寸和相容性进行合成控制。通过晶体前驱体到目标NTE相的拓扑转变,可实现对颗粒尺寸的最优控制。
Negative thermal expansion (NTE) materials can be used as fillers to prepare controlled thermal expansion composites. Research and development of high-quality polymer composites face many challenges, including the compatibility of NTE fillers with matrix materials, the stability of NTE phases, the control of particle morphology and size, and their impact on the degree of mixing. This article reviews the many possible problems that affect the molding of polymer composites, and discusses the requirements for NTE materials that are expected to be used as fillers, that is, the composite control of particle size and compatibility of NTE fillers. Through the topological transformation of the crystal precursor to the target NTE phase, optimal control of the particle size can be achieved.